Machine for making chaplets and the like



April 1933- E. H. FONTAINE 1,903,668

MACHINE FOR MAKING CHAPLETS AND THE LIKE} 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 17, 1951 INVENTOR Maw April 11, 1933. E. H, FONTAINE MACHINE FOR MAKING CHAPLETS AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 17, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR April 11, 1933.

E. H. FONTAINE 1,903,668

MACHINE FOR MAKING CHAPLETS AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 17

1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR 3% I l w yw,

April 11, 1933. E H FONTAINE 1,993,568

MACHINE FOR MAKING GHAPLETS AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 17, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 42 4a 37 9 4-3 as I 44.- as 45 f INVENTOR April 11, W33. E. H. FONTAINE 1,903,558

MACHINE FOR MAKING CHAPLETS AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 17, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Apr. 11, 1933 UNITED STATES EUGENE H. FON'I'AINE, F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA MACHINE FOR MAKING CHAPLETS AND THE LIKE Application filed January 17, 1931. Serial No. 509,368.

The object which I have in view is the provision of improved mechanism for manufacturing chaplets for use in metal molding and similar articles which may be formed by cutting and/or stamping.

For these and other purposes I have invented the mechanism whose principles are hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein I have illustrated a practical embodiment of the principles of my invention, Fig. 1 is a plan view of the machine in which, however, parts which are provided at both sldes of the machine are omitted at one side so that other parts which would otherwise be concealed are thus clearly shown.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the machine, parts being omitted for the same reason.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the machlne, looking from the right in Figs. 1 and 2, in which certain parts are omitted for the same reason.

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of one of the pawlyokes which are used for the rotation of the clamping block carriers.

Fig. 5 is a rear end View ofone of the housing-castings, its carriers and its bridge plate.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view on enlarged scale showing two of the coacting clamping blocks mounted in their carriers.

Fig. 7 is a diametric section taken along the line 77 in Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged longitudinal section of a pair of coacting clamping blocks shown holding a chaplet stem whose end has been tapered and flanged.

Fig. 9 is a similar view showing the head of the chaplet mounted on the chaplet stem and the latter riveted.

Fig. 10 is a view showing a completed chaplet of the head and stem type.

Fig. 11 is a top plan view of the chaplet- 45 take-ofi' which removes the completed chaplets from the carriers.

Fig. 12 is an end view of one of the wirefeeding carriages, its mounting being in section along the line 1212 in Fig. 13.

Fig. 13 is an inner face view of the same.

Fig. 14 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line 1414 in Fig. 19.

Fig. 15 is a view of one of the chaplet stems formed by the tool shown in Fig. 14.

F ig. 16 is a sectional view of the tool holder in which the punch is mounted.

F ig. 17 is a detail showing the knife block which is employed to cut off the chaplet head from the strip of band iron. I

Fig. 18 is a front face view of the head of the ram and the tool-carrying blocks.

Fig. 19 is an elevation of one of the mechanisms for nicking the wire from which the stems of the chaplets are formed, and also showing the adjacent tool-carrying block and a portion'of the ram.

Fig. 20 is a detail showing the end of the wire with the nicks.

Fig. 21 is an elevation of one of the wirecutting mechanisms and also showing one of the tool-carrying blocks and a portion of the ram.

Fig. 22 is an enlarged section of one of the tool-carrying blocks and the ram, the same being through the bridge plate and its block along the line 2222 in Fig. 5.

Fig. 23 is an enlarged detail showing a knife-block arranged to form a concaved chaplet head and mounted on the stem, the clamping blocks being shown in longitudinal section.

Fig. 24 is a view of the completed chaplet formed in Fig. 23.

Fig. 25 is a detail showing the use of the knife block to form a bridge-type chaplet- Fig. 26 is a perspective of a bridge-type chaplet.

. Fig. 27 is a View partially in section showmg the formation of a circular disk such as are used as core plates, shims, etc.

Fig. 28 is a plan view of the disk.

Fig. 29 is a detail with the clamping blocks in longitudinal section, showing the formation of a chaplet having an integral stem and head. Referring first to Figs. 1 to 22 of the drawmgs, 1 represents the bed of the machine, which bed is provided with parallel undercut guides 2 in which is slidably mounted the ram 3. The ram is pivotally connected by the wrist pin 4 to the front end of a connecting rod 5 whose rear end is provided with. a split collar 6 mounted on a crank which forms the center of the main shaft 7. The shaft is disposed transversely of the bed 1 and is journaled in the bearings 8.

Outside of one of the bearings 8 the shaft is provided with a flywheel 9 and outside of the other bearing 8 the shaft is provided with means for applying power, such as the belt pulley 10. The rotation of the shaft 7 causes the ram 3 to reciprocate longitudinally of the bed 1.

Outside of the flywheel and belt pulley the shaft 7 is provided with the bevelled gears 11 and the extremities of the shaft are journaled in suitable bearings which are supported from the bed, one of said end bearings being shown in Fig. 1. The gears 11 mesh with bevelled gears 12 on the upper ends of the vertical stub shafts 13 which are journaled in suitable bearings carried by the bed and which are provided at their lower ends with bevelled gears 12a.

The front end of the ram 3, the right end in Fig. 1, is provided with a vertically disposed head plate 14 and detachably secured to the front face of said head and adjacent to its ends are the tool-carrying blocks 15 which have vertical front faces. Dowels 15a and screws 156 are used to properly position the blocks and hold them in place.

The two blocks are similar but reversed in arrangement as illustrated in Fig. 18 and the left hand head is illustrated on a large scale in Figs. 19 and 21. Extending inwardly from the front of each of said blocks are the three cylindrical holes 16a,16b and 160 which are relatively arranged as shown, the arrangement of the holes being the reverse in the case of the two blocks. The rear ends of the said holes are extended into the head 14 and in axial alinement with said holes are holes 17 of smaller diameter which extend the remainder of the way through the head 14. The holes 17 are internally threaded. In each of the holes 16 are mounted a pair of nested split bushings 18 and 18a whose central bores are cylindrical but eccentric to their perimetral surfaces. The bushings may be fixed relative to the head, as by set screws 18b.

Tool holders 19a and 190' have cylindrical shanks which extend through the bushings in the holes 16a and 160, respectively, and the abutment bolts 20 screwed into holes 17 impinge against the inner ends of the said shanks. The bolts 20 are provided with lock nuts 20a.

In the case of the hole 166 the tool'19b is provided with a similar shank which extends through the split bushings and impinges against a like bolt 20.

The tool holders 19a and 190 are provided with enlarged heads which in turn have circular tool sockets 21 in their front faces in which the stems of the tools are held as by set screws 21a. The tool 22 which is mount ed in the tool holder 19a is a tool for tapering the end of the chaplet stem and providing the latter with a circumferential flange adj acent to its tapered end. Thus the impact or front face of the tool is provided with a frusto-conical hole or die-opening as shown in Fig. 14. In Fig. 8 the complete chaplet stem is shown at 23, its end having been tapered as shown at 24 and the dis laced metal formed into a circumferential ange shown at 25.

The toolholder 190 which is mounted in the split bushings of the hole 160 carries a punch tool 26 having a punching stud 27 which is employed to punch the hole in the chaplet head before the latter is cut from the strip of band iron. The base of the stud is provided with a flare so that when the hole is punched in the material of the chaplet head the metal about the hole is displaced forming an annular depression so that when the tapered end 24 of the stem 23 is inserted into the hole in the head 28 which is illus trated in Figs. 9 and 10, and the end of the stem is riveted down against the head, the displaced metal of the stem will be received in said depression.

The head of the tool 196 is in the form of a knife block, one of whose front ed es is used to shear off the end of the strip of and iron to form the chaplet head 28 and whose front face is used to force the head over the tapered end of the chaplet stem and to rivet said end as above described. All four front edges of the knife block may be in turn used for cutting by rotating the tool in its mountmg.

It is evident that the tools may be individually adjusted to properly center them by the proper rotative adjustment of the split bushings.

The front ends of the nested bushings are provided with 'circumferentially extended heads which in turn are provided with radially disposed holes 29 for the application of a tool for rotating the bushings to center the tool.

The means for feeding the wire from which the chaplet stems are made are as follows. At each side of the bed 1 and above the plane of the ram 3 are the stationary guides in the form of two pairs of alined tubes 30 and 31, a gap intervening between the adj acent ends of the front and rear tubes, and said gap being of somewhat greater length than the length of the stroke of the ram. Two lengths of wire, indicated at 32,

are led forwardly through the alined tubes to the front of the machine, first passing through the horizontally disposed straightening rolls 33 and the vertlcally disposed straigthening rolls 34. The front ends of the tubes 30 are supported as by means later hang the side of the ram, the portion of the wires crossing the gap between the brackets being thus exposed.

Each pair of these brackets 35 also support a horizontally disposed uide rail 36 which extends across the gap above the wire,

said rail being of rectangular cross sectional shape.

3738 represent a two-part carriage assembled together as by bolts 39 so as to be slidable on the rail 36, the cross sectional shape of the rail preventing the carriage from tending to tip thereon.

At each side the ram 3 is provided with a pair of posts 40 spaced apart longitudina ly of the ram and these posts are provided with threaded holes in which are mounted the adjustable abutment screws 41 which impinge against the ends of the carriage 3738 so as to pick up the carriage and cause it to travel with the ram for the distance determined by the ends of the opposed screws. Thus by adjusting the screws the movement of the car riages may be regulated.

42 represents a vertica ly disposed raceplate which is secured to the upper front of the carriage member 37 by means of screw bolts 43 which engage vertically elongated holes in the plate 42 and are screwed into threaded holes in the carriage member. Thus byloosening the bolts the position of the plate 42 may be adjusted vertically and the bolts may then be tightened to lock the plate in position.

42a represents abutment screws carried by overhanging portion of the carriage member 37 and impinging against the top edge of the plate 42 so that accurate adjustment of the position of said plate may be obtained and maintained.

The lower edge of the plate 42 is cut away to form a seat for the hardened steel jaw plate 44 which is detachably secured in place as by screws 45. The jaw plate 44 is provided with a groove on its lower edge to engage the wire from above.

46 represents a second face plate similar to and located below the plate 42. The plate 46 is slidably secured to the carriage member 37 by means of the screw bolts 47 wh ch extend through vertically elongated holes in the plate 46 and are screwed into threaded holes in the carriage member 37. Thus the plate 46 is arranged for vertical movement.

The upper edge of the plate 46 is recessed to receive the jaw plate 48 which is detachably held in place as by screws. The lower jaw plate 48 has its upper edge provided with a wire groove which when the lower face plate 46 is raised coacts. with the wire groove of the upper jaw plate to grip the wire and thus feed it along as the ram and carriage move forwardly. The jaw plates are normally resiliently held separated by means of the helical springs 49.

The carriage members 37 and 38 are provided with coacting half socket portions 50 members, and in the sockets so formed are pivotally mounted the ends of a pin 51 on whose intermediate portion is mounted a bell crank 52 whose inner end extends beneath the movable face plate 46 and whose outer end is provided with a roller 53. The inner end of the bell crank 52 is provided with adjustable abutment screws 54 arranged to impinge against the lower edge of the face plate detachable contact plate 58 disposed longitudinally of the bed and which when the lever is rocked to depress its inner end engages the roller 53 from above and thus,

at either side of a cut away portion of the swings the bell crank52. The contact plate'i,

58 is of sulficient length to maintain engagement with the roller 53 during the movements.

of the ram. The outer end of the lever 55 is provided with a roller which engages a cam 59 on a shaft 60 extending longitudinally of the bed and journaled in bearings indicated at 61 which rise from the bed. The rear end of the shaft 60 is provided with a bevel gear 62 which meshes with the bevel gear 12a heretofore described. It will be understood that there is such a shaft 60 at each side of the machine.

The assemblage is such that while the ram is accomplishing a forward stroke and while the carriages are moving with the ram the inner ends of the levers 55 at either side of the machine are depressed, thus swinging the bell cranks 52 and closing the wire gripping jaws on the wires, but as the ram moves rearwardly the inner end of the levers 55 are raised, thus causing the jaws to open and releasing the wires so that the carriages may retreat to their-initial position while the wires are stationary.

The length of the gripping action of the jaws on each of the wires may be regulated by providing a cam 59 on the corresponding shaft. With the proper effective length of lifting influence on the outer lever 55. The length of wire fed forward during each forward movement of the ram is regulated by the distance between the endsof the pair of adjustable abutment screws-41.

On the front of the bed 1 the twin castings 64 are mounted, being disposed transversely of the bed 1. Each of said castings is provided with a housing 65 disposed on horizontal axes. The inner end of each of the housings end' of the bore 67. Within the tubular stem 68a of the carrier 68 are the nested bushings and 71, each of said bushings having its central bore eccentric to its outer perrmetral surface. The front end of the bush1ng 70 protrudes from the stem 68a of the carrier 68, while the front end of the'bushmg 71' protrudes from the bushing 70.

The inner carrier 69 is provided with a stem 69a which is j ournaled in the inner bushing 71 and protrudes therefrom. Thus the inner carrier 69 is arranged so that it may rotate on an axis eccentric to the aims of rotation of the outer carrier 68, and this eccentricity may be varied by adjusting the bushings 70 and 71 relative to each other. The parts are held assembled as by the nut 69?) screwed on the projecting front end of the stem 69a. e

The outer protruding ends of said bushings 70 and 71 have the collars 2 and 73, respectively, keyed thereon and said collars are provided with radial levers 74 and. 75, respectively, which extend between the opposed pairs of abutment screws 7 6 and 77 respectively, which are screwed through threaded holes in the spaced apart arms of a bifurcated bracket 78 which is bolted to. the top of the barrel 65 and projects forwardly. Thus by adjusting the opposed abutment screws 76, the bushlng 7 0 may be adjusted by turning it on its axis and likewise the bushing 71 may be adjusted by means of its abutment screws The carriers 68 and 69 are arranged for intermittent rotation in unison, the carriers at the left of the machine, see Fig. 3, rotating clockwise and those at the right of the machine rotating counterclockwise. Thus the protrudin ends of stems 68a. and 69a have respectivei y keyed thereon the gears 80 and 81, and straddling each of said gears and rotatably mounted are the yoke members 82 and 83, respectively. Said yoke members are provided with twin radia 1y disposed ears 84.

85 represents a toothed pawl, one of which is pivotally supported intermediate of its ends between the ears of each yoke member, as by the pin 86; The head of the pawl is resiliently pressed into engagement with the corresponding gear by a helical sprlng 87 interposed between the tail of the pawl and a socketed portion of the yoke member. Between the outer ends of the ears 84 of each of the yoke members is pivotally connected as at 88 the eye bolt 89 whose threaded end is screwed into a threaded socket on the cross head 90 which forms the inner end of a pitman 91 whose outer end is mounted on a wrist pin 92 eccentrica'lly placed on the face of a disk 93 mounted on the front end of the corresponding shaft 60.

By adjusting the bolts 89 in their sockets on t e cross head 90 the pull of the pitman is equalized between both yoke members of a palr.

It is evident that as the shaft 60 revolves the two corresponding pawls 85 impart to the corresponding pair of carriers 68 and 69 an intermittent rotary movement, the carriers at the left of the machine in Fig. 3 moving clockwise and the carriers at the right moving counterclockwise.

Means are provided for preventing accidental reverse movement of the head carriers. Thus 94 is a bracket having its base pivotally mounted on a horizontal shaft 95 journaled in a support 96 extending up from the bed 1. The bracket is provided with a pair of upwardly extending tubular sockets 97 in which are mounted the blocks 98 each having a tooth 99 extending through an aperture in the front wall of the socket so as to engage with the teeth of the corresponding gear wheels 80 and 81. The block 98 is held rigid in the socket by means of a screw bolt 100 which extends through a longitudinally elongated hole in the rear wall of the socket and is screwed into a threaded hole in the block. B first loosening the bolt the block may be adjusted up and down in the socket so that its tooth will accurately engage between adjacent teeth of the corresponding gear. A set screw 101 extends throu h a threaded hole in the upper end wall of t e socket and impinges against the end of the block to hold it in place and to facilitate its adjustment.

The bracket 94 is normally pressed inwardly toward the gears, so that the teeth 99 will engage the gears, by spring 102 bearing between the bracket 94 and a portion of the support 96.

As the carriers complete a forwardrotar movement the teeth engage the gears and lock the carriers stationary.

To retract the lockin devices at the proper moment and thus enable the carriers to be rotated, I provide a rocking lever 103 pivotally mounted intermediate of its ends on the shaft 95 and having its up er end provided with an adjustable strikin olt 104 arranged to engage and throw u t e bracket 94 when the roller 105 mounte on the outer end of the lever 103 is swung by the perimetral cam portion 106 of the disk 91. V

The front faces of the two carriers 68 and 69 are set back slightly from the end of the housing (35, as shown, and the adjacent erimetral surfaces are provided with soc ets 107 which extend inwardly from the front in shape being open at the'perimetral edges facesof the carriers and parallel to the axes of the same. These sockets are cylindraceous of the carriers so that when the cylindrical clamping blocks 108 are mounted in said sockets their opposing perimetral surfaces may be alternately brought into mating contact and separated by the rotation of the two carriers rotated on parallel axes. The clamping blocks are held in place by screw bolts 109 which engage threaded holes partially in the wall of the socket and partially in the wall of the clamping block. 107a are holes extending into the inner ends of the sockets .107 so that pins may be used to drive the clampingblocks from the sockets after the screws 109 are removed.

The clamping blocks are provided with semi-circular .grooves 110 disposed longitudinally on their exposed perimetral surfaces, which grooves mate to clamp between them a portion of the wire as will be later more.

fully explained. These grooves do not extend to the inner end of the blocks and the inner ends thereof are rounded so that a rounded end is given to the free end of the stem of the chaplet. At the'outer ends of the blocks the ends of the grooves are flared slightly.

111 represents a horizontally disposed bridge plate which crosses the front of the housing and is secured thereto at its ends by the screws 112. The inner face of the plate 111 is ploughed out along its horizontal center to form the horizontal band iron guide or groove 113. 114 represents a block which is secured by means of bolts 115 to the back of the bridge plate 111, the face of the block cooperating with the groove 113 to complete the band iron uide and the band iron indicated at 116 belng fed along the guide 113.

Each of the blocks 114 at a location in axial alinement with the tool-hole 160 of the corresponding ram-head block '15, is provided with a seat 117 in which is removably mounted the die-block 118 whose front or impact face is provided with a die-socket 119 which is of proper contour to give clearance for the stud 27 of the punch 26, the outer portion of said socket being flared to give clearance for metal of the band iron displaced by the punch and thus cups the metal about the hole.

The inner end of the socket 119 is enlarged i 121 represents a downwardly andoutwardly inclined passage connecting at its upper end with the hole 120 and at its lower end with a lead-away condu t 122 which permits the metal cut-outs to pass down out of the way and drop through the hole 123 in the bed 1. 124 represents a screw inserted in the hole 120, the screw being provided with an inclined inner end. to act as a deflector, and being also provided with a lock nut 125. The die-block 119 is detachably held in its seat opening 127 of sufficient size so that as the I ram advances the punch 26 and its stud 27 may enter through the opening 127 and punch V knife block 129 is held as by means of a screw 130. This knife block is of rectangular shape and overhangs the inner end of the block 114, clearance being provided for the knife block by recessing the face of the inner carrier 69 as shown at 131.

132 represents an aperture in the bridge 111 to permit access to the screw 130. Adj acent to said aperture the bridge 111 is provided with a large aperture 133 of rectangular form in registration with which a pair of clamping blocks 108 halt at the end of an intermittent movement of the carriers and past which the end of the band iron 116 is projected into contact with an adjustable stop 134.

As the ram 3 moves forwardly the rectangular shear block 19?) moves through the aperture 133 and cooperating with the knife rivets the end of the stem against the head,

the upset metal occupying the cup 'or depression surrounding the hole punched in the head.

During the next movement of the carriers 68 and 69 the clamping blocks 108 which held the stem while the chaplet head was being sheared and riveted onto the stem as above described moveaway from the chaplet assembling station and as they so move, because of the eccentric axes of the two carriers, the blocks 108 begin to separate, thus loosely holding the completed chaplet so that it may be discharged from the machine.

For this purpose I provide the parallel and spaced apart tongues 135 whose bevelled knife blade ends are set in close proximity to or in light contact with the faces of the carriers 68 and 69 in such manner that the tongues will engage beneath the chaplet head, straddling the stem of the chaplet and thus as the carriers move the chaplet will be drawn out by the inclination of the tongues until the chaplet is disengaged from the carriers.

The tongues are cut from the metal of L39 a plate 136 which is attached at its upper end side of the machine cutting mechanism preferto the bridge 111 and has its free end bent away from the plane of the bridge. The plate is provided with a slot 137 which is a prolongation of the space between the tongues. Thus the chaplets will be slid down said slot and dropped through the aperture 123 in the base 1.

At either side of the machine a strip of band iron 116 is fed into the guide groove 113 at the outer end of the latter bymeans of two cooperating rolls 138 and 139 in resilient contact. The roll 138 is mounted on a shaft 140 journaled in a bracket 141 supported from the bed 1. The lower end of the shaft 140 is provided with a bevelled gear 142 which meshes with a bevelled pinion 143 on a horizontal shaft 144 journaled' in another portion of the bracket 141. The shaft 144 is driven from the adjacent shaft 60 by means of the meshing gears 145. The roll 139 is loose on the upper portion of a shaft 146 and moving in unison with said roll is the pinion 147 which is in mesh with a pinion 148 on the shaft 140. The lower end of the shaft 146 is eccentric to its upper end and is journaled in a portion of the bracket 141.

Fixed to the lower protruding end of the shaft 146 is a lever 149 which extends radi-.

allv therefrom and is connected by a spring link 1550 with the adjacent guide 2.

Thus the rolls 138 and 139 are driven from the shaft 60 and cooperate to feed forward the strip of band iron 116, the rolls being resiliently pressed against the band iron. Thus the band iron is fed forward through the guide groove 113 until it strikes the stop 134 and the rolls then slip on the band iron until the end of the band iron is cut off to form the head of a chaplet and the head is mounted and riveted on the stem and the shear block 19?) retracted, whereupon the rolls again feed forward the band iron.

To hold the band iron down in the groove 113 so that it will be properly presented to the action of the punch and the shear block, I form above and communicating with the intermediate portion of the guide 113 a recess 151 in which is mounted a shoe 152 which rides on the upper edge of the band iron 116 and is resiliently held against the same by means of a spring plate 153 mounted on top of the bridge plate and bearing on studs 154 fixed to the shoe and extending up through holes in the top wall of the guide.

As the ram 3 moves forwardly. that is toward the right in Figs. 1 and 2, the front ends of the two wires 32 are inserted between the pairsof clamping blocks 108 at either side of the machine which are then stationed in alinement with the paths of the wires. The wires are then cut off substantially in the vertical plane of the inner ends of the housings 65, and for this purpose I provide at either ably of the following character.

155 represents a supporting block rising from the bed 1 and upon the same is mounte a bracket 156 which extends upwardly and inwardly and carries on its inner end a horizontally disposed sleeve 157 through which the wire extends and which acts as a guide for the wire. 158 represents a knife which is clamped to one end of a bell crank 159 which crank is pivoted at its an le to the side of the bracket 156 as at 160. he other end of the crank is provided with an adjustable impact screw 161 which bears on the block 162 which forms the upper end of a vertically disposed rod 163 slidable in a collar 164 supported from the block 155. The lower end of the rod 163 is connected to the inner end of a bell crank 165 pivoted intermediate of its ends on the bed 1 and whose outer end carries a roller 166 which engages a cam 167 mounted on the corresponding shaft 60. A helical spring 168 connects the outer extremity of the crank 159 to the collar 164.

The arrangement is such that after the wires are projected forwardly into the pairs of clamping blocks 108 position in the paths of the wire and as the carriers begin their next movement the knives are moved downwardly cutting off the wires at the inner ends of the housings 65, thus leaving a. short length of the wire protruding from the clamping blocks and the carriers.

It is usual to nick the sides of the stem of the chaplets either to facilitate the grip of the molten iron on.the stem as it cools in the mold or to enable the portion of the stem protrfpding from the casting to be readily broken 0 If the stems are to be nicked in two transverse planes as for both purposes two nicking mechanisms are provided. I illustrate the provision of but one nicking mechanism for each wire but the same obviously may be duplicated.

l The nicking mechanism provided is as folows:

Mounted on the block 155 is a bracket 169 extending inwardly and having its free end provided with a yoke 17 0 between which are pivoted as on the parallel pins 171 the vertically disposed tong levers 172 whose lower ends carry the coacting knife-edge nicking disks 173. The levers 172 extend u through a cage 174 formed on the inner end of a bell crank 175 pivotally mounted at 176 at its angle on a portion of the bracket 169. A roller 177 is mounted in the cage 174 between the levers 172. It is evident that if the cage be moved downwardly the roller will s read the upper ends of the levers and thus ring the disks into engagement with the wire 23 and nicking the same at opposite sides.

The outer end of the bell crank 175 is provided with an adjustable abutment screw 178 which is pressed as by the spring 179 into engagement with the head 180 of a push rod 181 working in the collar 182 and having its lower end connected to the inner end of a bell crank 183 pivotally supported as at 184 intermediate of its center on the bed 1 and having its outer end provided with a roller 185 which is in engagement with a cam 186 on the corresponding shaft 60.

The front ends of the tubular wire guides 31 are supported in collars 187 integral with and depending from the brackets 169 so that the wires are exposed in the nicking zone.

The arrangement is such that before a forward feed of the wires the ends of the wires are nicked. D v

If the wires are to be nicked in two planes, the nicker may be duplicated or it may be provided with two pairs of nicking disks.

After the length or portion of the wire has been inserted between the pairs of blocks 108 and has been cut off, the movement of the carriers brings the severed stem into alinement with the tool 22 carried by the toolholder 19a which is mounted in the hole 16a 'of the corresponding block 15 mounted on the ram. The next advance of'the ram causes said tool to engage the protruding end of the length of wire held by the blocks 108, forming the tapered end 24 and the collar 25 on the length of wire which is now the stem 23.

The assembly of the carriers and their adjustment bushings is such that as a pair of blocks move intothe wire-receiving position they are separated sufficiently to freely admit the wire but as they move toward their next position when the protruding end of the stem is tapered and flanged the blocks move closer together clamping the stem with sufficient force to permit the tool 22 to properly perform its function. The impact of the tool 22 also drives the inner end of the stem against the rounded inner ends of the grooves 110 of the blocks 108, thus forming a smooth rounded end on the stem.

As the carriers again move the stem is now brought into the position wherein it receives the chaplet head and the latter is riveted on the stem as above described. At this station the blocks must be closely compressed together. As the blocks leave the station where the chaplet heads are mounted on the stem, the blocks begin to separate, thus enabling the finished chaplets to be discharged.

Thus it is seen that the pairs of'carriers at the opposite sides of the machine are rotated in a step by step manner but in opposite directions, the eccentric relation of the axes upon which the carriers of a pair move causing the pairs of coacting clamping blocks to alternately diverge and converge, and thus each pair of blocks while still spread apart receiving between them the end of the wire which has just been nicked and as the next move converging to hold the wire with sufficient snugness to permit it to be cutby the knife which operates as the next movement of the carriers begins. The completion of this movement presents the severed stem to the tool 22 which tapers the end of the stem and forms the flange. Thenext movement of the carriers brings the stem into the heading position and in the meantime the end section of the band iron has been punched by the tool 27 and then moved into the path of the knife block 196 which .cuts offthe chaplet head and rivets it in place on the stem. The next movement of the carriers causes the clamping blocks to separate sufliciently to permit the tongues 135 to pry the chaplet stem from between the blocks and to remove the chaplet from the machine.

It will be understood that the movement of the parts are so synchronized that the carriers come to rest when the ram is moved forward to operate the tools.

In Fig. 23 I illustrate the formation of the type of chaplet shown at 188 in Fig. 24 wherein the head is curved or concaved. In such case the front face of the knife block of the tool 190 is convexed as shown and the front faces of the clamping blocks 108 are concaved so that as the knife block moves toward the clamping blocks the head is given the proper form.

It is obvious that various shapes and forms of chaplet heads may be obtained by the proper shaping of the knife block and the cooperating ends of the clamping blocks.

In Fig. 25 I show a modification of the machine for producing the stemless bridge-type chaplet shown at 189 in Fig. 26. In the manufacture of these chaplets the use of intermittently rotating carriers and clamping blocks is unnecessary and the same may be removed and a solid or one-piece block 190 may be mounted in the housing 65, the same being provided at the position and path of movement of the knife block 191 of the tool 190 with a box recess 192, the knife block 191 having a corresponding boss 193 on its face. 194 represents the cutting knife attached to the side of the block 191 to cut off the band iron 116 in the same operation.

In Fig. 27 I show the machine arranged to form the disks 195 illustrated in Fig. 28. In this case the block 190 is provided with a dieopening 196 of circular shape or of Whatever contour it is desired to impart to the disk or shim. The knife block 197 has a circular or corresponding cutting edge which will enter the die-opening 196 and thus sever the disk from the band iron 116. In the rear of the die-opening 196 is an enlarged opening or recess 198 of sufficient dimension to provide clearance for the disks as they move inwardly and the bottom of said recess may be provided with a lead-away conduit 199 to permit the disks to drop down out of the machine.

In Fig. 29 I illustrate the formation of the type of chaplets wherein the head is integral with the stem being formed by upsetting the metal at the end of the piece of cut off wire.

I In this case the band iron 116 is removed not tapered, so as to provide the squared ends which said chaplets usually have.

It is obvious that in machine may be readily adapted by one s illed in the art to the formation of many types and characters of objects which are used in various arts, such as shims, washers, disks of all kinds and many kinds of brackets and other wire and flat metal articles.

What I claim is:

1. In a machine for forming chaplets and other articles, the combination with a 'tool and means for reciprocating the tool, of a pair of carriers arranged in nested relation and mounted for rotation on parallel axes and in a plane angular to that of the movement of the tool, the adjacent surfaces of the carriers being provided with coacting work-clamping means which are caused to converge and diverge by the rotation of the carriers, means for adjusting the relative eccentricity of the carriers, means for imparting an intermittent rotary movement to the carriers, and mechanism for feeding the material to the carriers in a line of feed parallel to the path of movement of the tool.

2. In a machine for forming chaplets and other articles, the combination with a tool and means for reciprocating the tool, of a recessed housing, a pair of carriers mount ed in said housing in nested relation to each other and rotatable on parallel axes and in a plane transverse to the path of movement of the tool, means for imparting intermittent rotary movement to the carriers, the adjacent surfaces of the carriers being provided with coacting work-clamping means which are caused to converge and to diverge by the movement of the carriers, means for adjusting the relative eccentricity of the carriers, and mechanism for feeding the material to the carriers in a line of feed parallel to the path of movement of the tool.

3. In a machine for forming chaplets and other articles, the combination with a tool and means for reciprocating the tool, of a tubular housing having a differential bore,

a pair of nested carriers mounted in the larger 65 bore of the housing for rotation in a plane transverse tothe path of the tool, said carriers being provided with nested stems which are journaled in the smaller bore of the housing, the axes of rotation of said stems being parallel with each other, the adjacent surfaces of said carriers being provided with coacting work-gripping means which arei caused to converge and to diverge by the rotation of the carriers, means for imparting intermittent rotary movement to the carriers, and mechanism for feeding material to the carriers in a line of feed parallel to the path of the tool.

4. In a machine for forming chaplets and other articles, the combination with a tool and means for reciprocating the tool, of a tubular housing having a differential bore, a pair of nested carriers mounted in the larger bore of the housing for rotation in a plane transverse to the path of the tool, said carriers being provided with nested stems which are journaled in the smaller bore of the housing, the axes of rotation of said stems being parallel with each other, the adjacent surfaces of said carriers being provided with coacting work-gripping means which are caused to converge and to diverge by the rotation of the carriers, means for adjusting the relative eccentricity of said carriers, means for imparting intermittent rotary movement to the carriers, and mechanism for feeding material to the carriers in a line of feed parallel to the path of the tool.

5. In a machine for forming chaplets and other articles, the combination with a tool and means for reciprocating the tool, of a tubular housing having a difierential bore, a pair of nested carriers mounted in the larger bore of the housing for rotation in a plane transverse to the path of the tool, said carriers being provided with nested stems which are journaled in the smaller bore of the housing, the axes of rotation of said stems being parallel with each other, the adjacent surfaces of said carriers being provided with coacting work-gripping means which are caused to converge and to diverge by the rotation of the carriers, means interposed between said stems for adjusting the relative eccentricity of said carriers, means for imparting intermittent rotary movement to the carriers, and mechanism for'feeding material to the carriers in a line of feed parallel to the path of the tool.

6. In a machine for forming chaplets and other articles, the combination with a tool and means for reciprocating the tool, of a tubular housing having a differential bore, a pair of nested carriers mounted in the larger bore of the housing for rotation in a plane transverse to the path of the tool, the outer carrier being provided with a tubular stem which is journaled in the smaller bore of the housing and the inner carrier being provided with a stem journaled within the tem of the outer car- Leas es rier, said stems having parallel axes of rotation whereby the carriers are in eccentric relation to each other, the adjacent edges of the carriers being provided with work-clam ing means which are caused to converge an d1- verge by the movement of the carriers, means for imparting intermittent rotary movement to the carriers, and mechanism for feeding material to the carriers in a line of feed parallel to the path of the tool.

7 In a machine for forming chaplets and other articles, the combination with a tool and means for reciprocating the tool, of a tubular housing having a differential bore, a pair of nested carriers mounted in the larger bore of the housing for rotation in a plane transverse to the path of the tool, the outer carrier being provided with a tubular stem which is journaled in the smaller bore of the housing and the inner carrier being provided with a stem journaled within the stem of the outer carrier, said stems having parallel axes of rotation whereby the carriers are in eccentric relation to each other, the adjacent edges of the carriers being provided with work-clamping means which are caused to converge and diverge by the movement of the carriers, means for varying such eccentricity, means for imparting intermittent rotary movement to the carriers, and mechanism for feeding material to the carriers in a line of feed parallel to the path of the tool.

8. In a machine for forming chaplets and other articles, the combination with a tool and means for reciprocating the tool, of a tubular housing having a differential bore, a

pair of nested carriers mounted in the larger bore of the housing for rotation in a plane transverse to the path ,of the tool, the outer carrier being provided with a tubular stem whichis journaled in the smaller bore of the housing and the inner carrier being provided with a stem j ournaled within the stem of the outer carrier, a pair of nested eccentric bushings interposed between said stems whereby the carriers are caused to rotate on parallel axes, the adjacent edges of the carriers be ing provided with coacting work-clamping means which are caused to converge and to diverge by the movement of the carriers, means for imparting intermittent rotary movement to the carriers, and mechanism for feeding material to the carrier in a line of feed parallel to the path of the tool.

9. In a machine for manufacturing chaplets and other articles, the combination with a rotary work-carrier, a reciprocating fabricating tool to which the work is presented by the movement of the carrier, and a stripper positioned so that it engages the completed work, as the carrier moves the work from the fabricating position, and strips the fabricated work from the carrier, said stripper being slotted and provided with knife edges so that as the carrier moves the knife edges enter between the head of the work and the carrier 11K: the stem of the chaplet travels in said s o 10. In a machine for manufacturing chaplets and other articles, the combination with a rotary work-carrier, a reciprocating fabricating tool to which the work is presented by the movement of the carrier, and a stripper positioned so that it engages the completed work,as the carrier moves the work from the fabricating position, and strips the fabricated work from the carrier, said stripper being slotted and provided with knife edges so that as the carrier moves the knife edges enter between the head of the work and the carrier and the stem of the chaplet travels in saidslot, and said stripper being inclined away from the carrier to withdraw the stem of the chaplet therefrom. a

11. In a machine for manufacturing chap-,

lets and other articles, the combination with a reciprocating forming tool, of a pair of nested-carriersmounted on parallel axes and arranged'for intermittent rotationin unison, the ad acent edges of said carriers beingprovided with pairsof coacting'clamping blocks which are caused to converge to clamp the work for presentation to the tool and to'diverge to'release the work as the carriers rotate, said blocks having grooves on their adacent faces which coact to form sockets for the work, and mechanism for feeding the material into said sockets, the line of feed being parallel to the path of the tool, the inner ends of said sockets being closed so that the work is formed thereby by the impact of the tool on the other end of the work. v

12. In a machine for manufacturing chaplets and other articles, the combination with a reciprocating forming tool, of a pair of nested carriers mounted on parallel axis and arranged for intermittent rotation in unison, the adjacent edges of said carriers being provided with pairs of coacting clamping blocks which are caused to converge to clamp the work for presentation to the tool and to diverge to release the work as the carriers rotate, said blocks having grooves on their adjacent faces which coact to form sockets for the work, mechanism for feeding the material into said sockets, the line of feed being parallel to the path of the tool, and means for cutting off the fed material, the inner ends of said sockets being closed so that the work is formed thereby by the impact of the tool on the other end of the work.

13. In a machine for forming chaplets and other articles, the combination of a head arranged for reciprocation, a plurality of tools carried by the head, a work-carrier mounted in the path of the tools and comprising a pair of nested elements arranged for rotation on parallel axes and having adjacent surfaces provided with pairs of coacting work III clamping means, the members of a pair being caused to converge and to diver e y the rotation of the elements, means or inserting material between the members of each pair at one point in their path of movement means for severing the inserted length 0 material from the supply, and means for rotating the said elements whereby the material is gripped by said clamping means and presented in turn to the tools.

14. In a machine for forming chaplets and other articles, the combination of a head arranged for reci rocation, a plurality of tools carried by the 1ead,a work-carrier mounted in the path of the tools and comprisi a pair of nested elements arranged for rotation on parallel axes and havin adjaoent'surfaces provided with pairs 0 coactin workclampmg means, the members of a anbeing caused to converge and to diverge the rotation of the elements, means or inserting material between the members of each pair at one point in their path of movement, means for severing the inserted length of material from the supply, means for rotating the said elements whereby the material is gripped by said clampin means and presented in turn to the too s,'and means for disengaging the finished articles from the clamping means as the latter are caused to diverge.

Signed at Pittsburgh, Pa., this 6th day of December, 1930.

EUGENE H. FONTAINE.

' moans 

